Role-playing was among the issues Nietzsche considered in the preceding sections. He expressed concern about European men becoming actors in performing their occupational roles and pointed out the problems this creates. Nietzsche challenged our assumption that goals, purposes, and vocations drive our actions and reveal our motivations. Arguably camouflaged as the hermit, he offered suggestions regarding how best to associate with other people. Nietzsche had plenty of experience in associating with scholars. The present sections open with his attitude to scholarly books and scholars.