(Ia) It is well known that Herder in his polemics caused by Kant's reviews of his Ideen, but directed against Kant's Idee called Kant an Averroist.² He motivated this by saying that Kant differentiates between the perfection of the human race and that of the individual and speaks of a destiny (education) of the human race not coinciding with the destiny (education) of the individual. This, said Herder, is tantamount to the doctrine that the human race possesses one soul only (and one not of the highest order at that).³