Edgar Rubin succeeded Alfred Lehmann as professor of psychology in 1922, having previously served for 3 years as lecturer of philosophy at the University of Copenhagen. Alfred Lehmann's death marked the end of an era in Danish psychology. Lehmann's psychophysiological approach to psychology was replaced by Rubin's introspective methodology. In the 1920s, Rubin would see his research on figure and ground allied with that of the Gestalt psychologists. Rubin reacted in some ways adversely to this. The chapter discusses Rubin's relation to Gestalt psychology in some detail.