I did not choose this topic and title without deep regret. It is, in one respect, my initiation to philosophy, my education as a philosopher that I am renouncing. I have the impression that I am perpetrating a sort of philosophical parricide. When I was a young man, French philosophers were re-discovering Hegel with the help of Alexandre Koyré and Kojève's seminar, which I attended, and with the stimulus of the exciting publication and translation into French of the papers of the young Marx.