In Part II, I tried to establish an internal dialogue on knowledge between contemporary Muslim critics and Ibn Khaldun, with a particular focus on the latter's conception of the relation between philosophy and history. In this chapter, I would like to address the inter cultural dialogue by turning to the work of Wilhelm Dilthey (1833–1911), "the philosopher of the human sciences' (Makreel 1992 [1975]), who is perhaps best known for his critique of historical reason. In attempting to complete the critique of knowledge initiated by Kant, Dilthey saw his task as one of developing an epistemological foundation to the human sciences.