Europe has often been imagined as the cradle of modern science and knowledge production. It is therefore not surprising that in the context of the European Union and its research agenda, the notion of a knowledge-based society has become a central focus. In fact, infusing knowledge production with Europeanness, on the one hand, and basing notions of Europe on knowledge, on the other, can been seen as two sides of the same coin: the Europeanization of knowledge production.