How does the category of modernism inform our understanding of Wittgenstein’s philosophy, and how does Wittgenstein’s philosophy elucidate the category of modernism? The essays in this volume take up these questions as they consider how different aspects of Wittgenstein’s philosophy intersect with various uses of the term modernism. Wittgenstein’s philosophy enacts or embodies, alternately or simultaneously, modernism as an historical period, an aesthetic style, and a philosophical worldview. Yet even as the concept of modernism affords new understandings of Wittgenstein’s philosophy, Wittgenstein’s multifaceted philosophy raises the vexing question of modernism itself. In discussing Wittgenstein’s philosophy alongside modernist figures such as Beckett, Bellow, Benjamin, James, Joyce, Kafka, Loos, Musil, Stevens, and Woolf, the essays collected in this volume note not simply that one can situate Wittgenstein’s philosophy within cultural modernism but also that Wittgenstein presents a modernist philosophy of culture. In so doing, they make clear a range of possible topics, thus stretching and developing the understanding of what can be included in the new modernist studies and also presenting new ways of understanding Wittgenstein’s modernist philosophy.