The purpose of this article is to critically analyze the conceptual apparatus that supports public policies aimed at women's economic autonomy. For this analysis, we will focus on the notions of autonomy and precariousness and will try to show how, in the case of women, the two have appeared hand in hand. The present context of crisis offers the opportunity to question the modern concept of autonomy as separation, linked to the masculine ideal of individuality and its expression in citizenship as the political right of the breadwinner. Without abandoning the urgency of women's economic autonomy, we will propose relational autonomy as a key to thinking about transformative policies.